Science & research - Date: July 2015

Excessive sugar consumption may be a difficult habit to break: a view from the brain and body

Date:
Tryon,M.S., Stanhope,K.L., Epel,E.S., et al, (2015) J.Clin.Endocrinol.Metab. 100:2239-2247 10.1210/jc.2014-4353

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether sucrose vs aspartame consumption inhibits the cortisol response and parallel stress responses in the brain regions known to mediate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)/cortisol responses to stress, and to test whether sucrose consumption dampens the inductive effects of opioid blockage on HPA activity. More “Excessive sugar consumption may be a difficult habit to break: a view from the brain and body” >

The association between carbohydrate-rich foods and risk of cardiovascular disease is not modified by genetic susceptibility to dyslipidemia as determined by 80 validated variants

Date:
Sonestedt,E., Hellstrand,S., Schulz,C.A., et al, (2015) PLoS One 10:e0126104 10.1371/journal.pone.0126104

OBJECTIVE: The primary objectives were to examine the association between consumption of different carbohydrate-rich foods and risk of incident ischaemic CVD (iCVD) in a cohort study, and to examine whether genetic susceptibility to dyslipidaemia measured as the genetic risk scores of 80 validated variants, modify such associations. Secondary objectives were to examine the cross-sectional associations between the consumption of carbohydrate-rich foods and clinical risk factors of iCVD at baseline and whether the associations with blood lipids and lipoproteins were modified by genetic susceptibility to dyslipidaemia. More “The association between carbohydrate-rich foods and risk of cardiovascular disease is not modified by genetic susceptibility to dyslipidemia as determined by 80 validated variants” >

Health effects of fructose and fructose-containing caloric sweeteners: where do we stand 10 years after the initial whistle blowings?

Date:
Tappy,L. and Le,K.A., (2015) Curr.Diab Rep. 15:627-015-0627-0 10.1007/s11892-015-0627-0

OBJECTIVE: To define what has been learned over the past 10 years – what questions have been answered and what new questions have arisen – regarding the role of fructose-containing caloric sweeteners (FCCS) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and a potential causal role in the development of metabolic diseases.

DESIGN: Review/position paper, based on relevant meta-analyses and critical systematic reviews published between 2007 and February 2015. More “Health effects of fructose and fructose-containing caloric sweeteners: where do we stand 10 years after the initial whistle blowings?” >

Prospective associations and population impact of sweet beverage intake and type 2 diabetes, and effects of substitutions with alternative beverages

Date:
O’Connor,L., Imamura,F., Lentjes,M.A., Khaw,K.T., Wareham,N.J. and Forouhi,N.G., (2015) Diabetologia 58:1474-1483 10.1007/s00125-015-3572-1

OBJECTIVE: To examine (1) the associations of different types of SSB with incident type 2 diabetes, (2) whether the contribution of sweet beverages to total energy intake (TEI) affects the risk of type 2 diabetes, and (3) the potential effects on type 2 diabetes incidence of substituting alternative beverages for SSB in order to determine appropriate replacement beverages. More “Prospective associations and population impact of sweet beverage intake and type 2 diabetes, and effects of substitutions with alternative beverages” >

Regional Differences in Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake among US Adults

Date:

Park, Sohyun; McGuire, Lisa C.; Galuska, Deborah A. (2015) J Acad Nutr Diet, Volume 115, Issue 12, Pages 1996-2002

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between census region of residence and total frequency and types of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption among a sample of representative US adults.

More “Regional Differences in Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake among US Adults” >

Sugar Nutrition UK response to the Scientific Committee on Nutrition (SACN) Report on Carbohydrates and Health

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“The conclusion in the report that ‘free sugars’* should not exceed 5% of total energy intake doesn’t seem to represent the current balance of scientific evidence. It is notable that the report itself finds there is “insufficient evidence” to draw a conclusion about sugar’s relationship to weight gain or body mass.1 More “Sugar Nutrition UK response to the Scientific Committee on Nutrition (SACN) Report on Carbohydrates and Health” >