OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) on the composition and function of the colonic microbiota, and the resultant effects on host glucose metabolism.
More “Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota”
OBJECTIVE: To explore associations between fructose intake and NAFLD, measured by the Fatty Liver Index (FLI) and the NAFLD liver fat score on the basis of blood measurements, in a cohort of ~2000 older adults.
OBJECTIVE: To determine weight loss outcomes for popular diets based on macronutrient composition and/or brand name of diet.
More “Comparison of weight loss among named diet programs in overweight and obese adults”
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether combined behavioural weight management programs (BWMPs) involving both diet and physical activity elements lead to a greater weight loss at 12 months or longer than programs involving diet only or physical activity only in overweight and obese subjects.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the behavioural, clinical and neurobiological similarities and dissimilarities between addiction and overeating.
A reciprocal relationship between the intake of sugars and fat has been reported in various dietary studies over the past 25 years or so1,2. This association has been termed the ‘sugar-fat see-saw’.
In view of this association it has been hypothesised that in freely chosen diets, reducing intake of energy from both fat and sugars to comply with dietary guidelines may be difficult to achieve at the population level3. More “Dietary recommendations and reality: the sugar-fat see-saw”
Eating a diet high in vegetable content promotes health. Evidence suggests that eating 7 portions of fruits and vegetables every day, especially green, leafy vegetables confers specific benefits1. However, for many families in the UK and elsewhere in Europe, the problem is that children fail to eat recommended amounts and claim not to like vegetables. How then are food preferences learned and what can parents do to encourage their children to eat up their greens? More “‘Often and early’ - how infants like to learn vegetables”
The government’s expert nutrition committee has published a report proposing changes to the way that dietary guidelines for sugar are presented.
Currently, the UK retains the 1991 Dietary Reference Values (DRV)1 which advise that non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) make up no more than 10% of total daily calories, or 11% of food calories (assuming no alcohol intake). NMES are defined as all added sugars in foods and drinks, plus the natural sugars found in honey and fruit juices as well as 50% of the sugars found in canned and dried fruits. This classification is only used by the UK and was justified because experts at the time believed that sugars in milk and whole fruit were not harmful to teeth. Current intakes of NMES are 11.5% total energy in adults and 15-16% total energy in children. More “Sugar recommendations under review”