Consumption of fructose and high fructose corn syrup increase postprandial triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein-B in young men and women
Stanhope et al., 2011 J Clin Endocrinol Metab doi:10.1210/jc.2011-1251
Objective: To compare the effects of consuming glucose, fructose, or HFCS at 25% energy requirements on risk factors for CVD
Design: Intervention study, 3.5-d inpatient baseline diet (55% energy complex CHO); 12-d outpatient ad libitum diet with 3 servings of SSB per day to be taken with meals (subjects were told not to consume any other SSBs including fruit juice); 3.5 d inpatient intervention diet with 25% energy as fructose, glucose or HFCS.
Setting: US (CCRC)
Participants: 48 subjects – 16 per intervention. Age ~28 y, mean BMI ~ 25
Main outcome measures: Fasting TG, 24-h TG area under curve (AUC), post-prandial evening TG, fasting LDL, non-HDL-c, apo-B, apo-B:apo-A1
Results: 24-h TG AUC, non-HDL-c, apoB, apoB:apoA1 and LDL-c (adjusted for BMI, ∆body mass) were increased compared with baseline in fructose and HFCS conditions. Fasting TG was only increased in the glucose condition. Supplementary online data states that BMI status (normal vs. overweight/obese) had a significant effect for the 24-h TG AUC response only. There was no effect on body mass or fasting HDL.
Conclusions: Consumption of HFCS-sweetened beverages for 2 weeks at 25% energy increased risk factors for CVD comparably with fructose and more than glucose in young adults. The US '25% energy from added sugars' recommendation may need to be re-evaluated.
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